column - phpMan

COLUMN(1) User Commands COLUMN(1)

NAME
column - columnate lists

SYNOPSIS
column [options] [file ...]

DESCRIPTION
The column utility formats its input into multiple columns. The util support three modes:

columns are filled before rows
This is the default mode (required by backward compatibility).

rows are filled before columns
This mode is enabled by option -x, --fillrows

table
Determine the number of columns the input contains and create a table. This mode is
enabled by option -t, --table and columns formatting is possible to modify by
--table-* options. Use this mode if not sure.

Input is taken from file, or otherwise from standard input. Empty lines are ignored and
all invalid multibyte sequences are encoded by x<hex> convention.

OPTIONS
The argument columns for --table-* options is a comma separated list of the column names
as defined by --table-columns or it's column number in order as specified by input. It's
possible to mix names and numbers. The special placeholder '0' (e.g. -R0) may be used to
specify all columns.

-J, --json
Use JSON output format to print the table, the option --table-columns is required and
the option --table-name is recommended.

-c, --output-width width
Output is formatted to a width specified as number of characters. The original name of
this option is --columns; this name is deprecated since v2.30. Note that input longer
than width is not truncated by default.

-d, --table-noheadings
Do not print header. This option allows the use of logical column names on the command
line, but keeps the header hidden when printing the table.

-o, --output-separator string
Specify the columns delimiter for table output (default is two spaces).

-s, --separator separators
Specify the possible input item delimiters (default is whitespace).

-t, --table
Determine the number of columns the input contains and create a table. Columns are
delimited with whitespace, by default, or with the characters supplied using the
--output-separator option. Table output is useful for pretty-printing.

-N, --table-columns names
Specify the columns names by comma separated list of names. The names are used for the
table header or to address column in option arguments.

-l, --table-columns-limit number
Specify maximal number of the input columns. The last column will contain all
remaining line data if the limit is smaller than the number of the columns in the
input data.

-R, --table-right columns
Right align text in the specified columns.

-T, --table-truncate columns
Specify columns where text can be truncated when necessary, otherwise very long table
entries may be printed on multiple lines.

-E, --table-noextreme columns
Specify columns where is possible to ignore unusually long (longer than average) cells
when calculate column width. The option has impact to the width calculation and table
formatting, but the printed text is not affected.

The option is used for the last visible column by default.

-e, --table-header-repeat
Print header line for each page.

-W, --table-wrap columns
Specify columns where is possible to use multi-line cell for long text when necessary.

-H, --table-hide columns
Don't print specified columns. The special placeholder '-' may be used to hide all
unnamed columns (see --table-columns).

-O, --table-order columns
Specify columns order on output.

-n, --table-name name
Specify the table name used for JSON output. The default is "table".

-L, --keep-empty-lines
Preserve whitespace-only lines in the input. The default is ignore empty lines at all.
This option's original name was --table-empty-lines but is now deprecated because it
gives the false impression that the option only applies to table mode.

-r, --tree column
Specify column to use tree-like output. Note that the circular dependencies and other
anomalies in child and parent relation are silently ignored.

-i, --tree-id column
Specify column with line ID to create child-parent relation.

-p, --tree-parent column
Specify column with parent ID to create child-parent relation.

-x, --fillrows
Fill rows before filling columns.

-V, --version
Display version information and exit.

-h, --help
Display help text and exit.

ENVIRONMENT
The environment variable COLUMNS is used to determine the size of the screen if no other
information is available.

HISTORY
The column command appeared in 4.3BSD-Reno.

BUGS
Version 2.23 changed the -s option to be non-greedy, for example:

printf "a:b:c\n1::3\n" | column -t -s ':'

Old output:

a b c
1 3

New output (since util-linux 2.23):

a b c
1 3

Historical versions of this tool indicated that "rows are filled before columns" by
default, and that the -x option reverses this. This wording did not reflect the actual
behavior, and it has since been corrected (see above). Other implementations of column may
continue to use the older documentation, but the behavior should be identical in any case.

EXAMPLES
Print fstab with header line and align number to the right:

sed 's/#.*//' /etc/fstab | column --table --table-columns SOURCE,TARGET,TYPE,OPTIONS,PASS,FREQ --table-right PASS,FREQ

Print fstab and hide unnamed columns:

sed 's/#.*//' /etc/fstab | column --table --table-columns SOURCE,TARGET,TYPE --table-hide -

Print a tree:

SEE ALSO
colrm(1), ls(1), paste(1), sort(1)

REPORTING BUGS
For bug reports, use the issue tracker at https://github.com/karelzak/util-linux/issues.

AVAILABILITY
The column command is part of the util-linux package which can be downloaded from Linux
Kernel Archive <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/>.

util-linux 2.37.2 2021-06-02 COLUMN(1)

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