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GPINYIN(1) General Commands Manual GPINYIN(1)
NAME
gpinyin - use Hanyu Pinyin Chinese in roff
SYNOPSIS
gpinyin [input-file ...]
gpinyin -h
gpinyin --help
gpinyin -v
gpinyin --version
DESCRIPTION
gpinyin is a preprocessor for groff(1) that facilitates use of the Hanyu Pinyin groff(7)
files. Pinyin is a method for writing the Chinese language with the Latin alphabet. The
Chinese language consists of more than four hundred syllables, each with one of five dif-
ferent tones. In Pinyin, a syllable is written in the Latin alphabet and a numeric tone
indicator can be appended to each syllable.
Each input-file is a file name or the hyphen-minus character "-" to indicate that standard
input should be read. As usual, the argument "--" can be used in order to force interpre-
tation of all remaining arguments as file names, even if an input-file argument begins
with the hyphen-minus character.
Pinyin Sections
Pinyin sections in groff files are enclosed by two .pinyin requests with different argu-
ments. The starting request is
.pinyin start
or
.pinyin begin
and the ending request is
.pinyin stop
or
.pinyin end
.
Syllables
The spoken Chinese language is based on about 411 syllables; see <http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Pinyin_table>.
In Pinyin, each syllable consists of one to six letters from the Latin alphabet; these
letters comprise the fifty-two upper- and lowercase letters from the ASCII character set,
plus the letter "U" with dieresis (umlaut) in both cases--in other words, the members of
the set "[a-zA-ZuU]".
In groff input, all ASCII letters are written as themselves. The "u with dieresis" can be
written as "\[:u]" in lowercase or "\[:U]" in uppercase. Within .pinyin sections, gpinyin
supports the form "ue" for lowercase and the forms "Ue" and "UE" for uppercase.
Tones
Each syllable has exactly one of five tones. The fifth tone is not explicitly written at
all, but each of the first through fourth tones is indicated with a diacritic above a spe-
cific vowel within the syllable.
In a gpinyin source file, these tones are written by adding a numeral in the range 0 to 5
after the syllable. The tone numbers 1 to 4 are transformed into accents above vowels in
the output. The tone numbers 0 and 5 are synonymous.
The following table summarizes the tones. Some output devices will not be able to render
every output example.
Tone Description Diacritic Example Input Example Output
--------------------------_------------------------------------------
first flat ma1 m
second rising ' ma2 ma
third falling-rising v ma3 m
fourth falling ` ma4 ma
fifth neutral (none) ma0 ma
ma5
The neutral tone number can be omitted from a word-final syllable, but not otherwise.
OPTIONS
-h
--help Print usage information and exit.
-v
--version
Print version information and exit.
AUTHORS
gpinyin was written by Bernd Warken <<groff-bernd.warken-72 AT web.de>>.
SEE ALSO
Useful documents on the World Wide Web related to Pinyin include
"Pinyin" (Wikipedia) <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyin>,
"Pinyin table" (Wikipedia) <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyin_table>,
Pinyin to Unicode <http://www.foolsworkshop.com/ptou/index.html>,
On-line Chinese Tools <http://www.mandarintools.com/>,
Pinyin.info: a guide to the writing of Mandarin Chinese in romanization <http://
www.pinyin.info/index.html>,
"Where do the tone marks go?" (Pinyin.info) <http://www.pinyin.info/rules/where.html>,
pinyin.txt from the CJK macro package for TeX <http://git.savannah.gnu.org/gitweb/
?p=cjk.git;a=blob_plain;f=doc/pinyin.txt;hb=HEAD>,
and
pinyin.sty from the CJK macro package for TeX <http://git.savannah.gnu.org/gitweb/
?p=cjk.git;a=blob_plain;f=texinput/pinyin.sty;hb=HEAD>.
groff(1), grog(1), and groffer(1) explain how to view roff documents.
groff(7) and groff_char(7) are comprehensive references covering the language elements of
GNU roff and the available glyph repertoire, respectively.
groff 1.22.4 23 March 2022 GPINYIN(1)
Generated by $Id: phpMan.php,v 4.55 2007/09/05 04:42:51 chedong Exp $ Author: Che Dong
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