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Moose::Role(3pm) User Contributed Perl Documentation Moose::Role(3pm)
NAME
Moose::Role - The Moose Role
VERSION
version 2.2200
SYNOPSIS
package Eq;
use Moose::Role; # automatically turns on strict and warnings
requires 'equal';
sub no_equal {
my ($self, $other) = @_;
!$self->equal($other);
}
# ... then in your classes
package Currency;
use Moose; # automatically turns on strict and warnings
with 'Eq';
sub equal {
my ($self, $other) = @_;
$self->as_float == $other->as_float;
}
# ... and also
package Comparator;
use Moose;
has compare_to => (
is => 'ro',
does => 'Eq',
handles => 'Eq',
);
# ... which allows
my $currency1 = Currency->new(...);
my $currency2 = Currency->new(...);
Comparator->new(compare_to => $currency1)->equal($currency2);
DESCRIPTION
The concept of roles is documented in Moose::Manual::Roles. This document serves as API
documentation.
EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
Moose::Role currently supports all of the functions that Moose exports, but differs
slightly in how some items are handled (see "CAVEATS" below for details).
Moose::Role also offers two role-specific keyword exports:
requires (@method_names)
Roles can require that certain methods are implemented by any class which "does" the role.
Note that attribute accessors also count as methods for the purposes of satisfying the
requirements of a role.
excludes (@role_names)
Roles can "exclude" other roles, in effect saying "I can never be combined with these
@role_names". This is a feature which should not be used lightly.
no Moose::Role
Moose::Role offers a way to remove the keywords it exports, through the "unimport" method.
You simply have to say "no Moose::Role" at the bottom of your code for this to work.
METACLASS
When you use Moose::Role, you can specify traits which will be applied to your role
metaclass:
use Moose::Role -traits => 'My::Trait';
This is very similar to the attribute traits feature. When you do this, your class's
"meta" object will have the specified traits applied to it. See "Metaclass and Trait Name
Resolution" in Moose for more details.
All role metaclasses (note, not the role itself) extend Moose::Meta::Role. You can test
if a package is a role or not using "is_role" in Moose::Util.
APPLYING ROLES
In addition to being applied to a class using the 'with' syntax (see Moose::Manual::Roles)
and using the Moose::Util 'apply_all_roles' method, roles may also be applied to an
instance of a class using Moose::Util 'apply_all_roles' or the role's metaclass:
MyApp::Test::SomeRole->meta->apply( $instance );
Doing this creates a new, mutable, anonymous subclass, applies the role to that, and
reblesses. In a debugger, for example, you will see class names of the form "
Moose::Meta::Class::__ANON__::SERIAL::6 ", which means that doing a 'ref' on your instance
may not return what you expect. See Moose::Object for 'DOES'.
Additional params may be added to the new instance by providing 'rebless_params'. See
Moose::Meta::Role::Application::ToInstance.
CAVEATS
Role support has only a few caveats:
o Roles cannot use the "extends" keyword; it will throw an exception for now. The same
is true of the "augment" and "inner" keywords (not sure those really make sense for
roles). All other Moose keywords will be deferred so that they can be applied to the
consuming class.
o Role composition does its best to not be order-sensitive when it comes to conflict
resolution and requirements detection. However, it is order-sensitive when it comes to
method modifiers. All before/around/after modifiers are included whenever a role is
composed into a class, and then applied in the order in which the roles are used. This
also means that there is no conflict for before/around/after modifiers.
In most cases, this will be a non-issue; however, it is something to keep in mind when
using method modifiers in a role. You should never assume any ordering.
BUGS
See "BUGS" in Moose for details on reporting bugs.
AUTHORS
o Stevan Little <stevan AT cpan.org>
o Dave Rolsky <autarch AT urth.org>
o Jesse Luehrs <doy AT cpan.org>
o Shawn M Moore <sartak AT cpan.org>
o ' (Yuval Kogman) <nothingmuch AT woobling.org>
o Karen Etheridge <ether AT cpan.org>
o Florian Ragwitz <rafl AT debian.org>
o Hans Dieter Pearcey <hdp AT cpan.org>
o Chris Prather <chris AT prather.org>
o Matt S Trout <mstrout AT cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
This software is copyright (c) 2006 by Infinity Interactive, Inc.
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as
the Perl 5 programming language system itself.
perl v5.34.0 2022-02-06 Moose::Role(3pm)
Generated by $Id: phpMan.php,v 4.55 2007/09/05 04:42:51 chedong Exp $ Author: Che Dong
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Under GNU General Public License
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