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OPENSSL-PKEY(1SSL) OpenSSL OPENSSL-PKEY(1SSL)
NAME
openssl-pkey - public or private key processing command
SYNOPSIS
openssl pkey [-help] [-engine id] [-provider name] [-provider-path path] [-propquery
propq] [-check] [-pubcheck] [-in filename|uri] [-inform DER|PEM|P12|ENGINE] [-passin arg]
[-pubin] [-out filename] [-outform DER|PEM] [-cipher] [-passout arg] [-traditional]
[-pubout] [-noout] [-text] [-text_pub] [-ec_conv_form arg] [-ec_param_enc arg]
DESCRIPTION
This command processes public or private keys. They can be converted between various forms
and their components printed.
OPTIONS
General options
-help
Print out a usage message.
-engine id
See "Engine Options" in openssl(1). This option is deprecated.
-provider name
-provider-path path
-propquery propq
See "Provider Options" in openssl(1), provider(7), and property(7).
-check
This option checks the consistency of a key pair for both public and private
components.
-pubcheck
This option checks the correctness of either a public key or the public component of a
key pair.
Input options
-in filename|uri
This specifies the input to read a key from or standard input if this option is not
specified. If the key input is encrypted and -passin is not given a pass phrase will
be prompted for.
-inform DER|PEM|P12|ENGINE
The key input format; unspecified by default. See openssl-format-options(1) for
details.
-passin arg
The password source for the key input.
For more information about the format of arg see openssl-passphrase-options(1).
-pubin
By default a private key is read from the input. With this option only the public
components are read.
Output options
-out filename
This specifies the output filename to save the encoded and/or text output of key or
standard output if this option is not specified. If any cipher option is set but no
-passout is given then a pass phrase will be prompted for. The output filename should
not be the same as the input filename.
-outform DER|PEM
The key output format; the default is PEM. See openssl-format-options(1) for details.
-cipher
Encrypt the PEM encoded private key with the supplied cipher. Any algorithm name
accepted by EVP_get_cipherbyname() is acceptable such as aes128. Encryption is not
supported for DER output.
-passout arg
The password source for the output file.
For more information about the format of arg see openssl-passphrase-options(1).
-traditional
Normally a private key is written using standard format: this is PKCS#8 form with the
appropriate encryption algorithm (if any). If the -traditional option is specified
then the older "traditional" format is used instead.
-pubout
By default the private and public key is output; this option restricts the output to
the public components. This option is automatically set if the input is a public key.
When combined with -text, this is equivalent to -text_pub.
-noout
Do not output the key in encoded form.
-text
Output the various key components in plain text (possibly in addition to the PEM
encoded form). This cannot be combined with encoded output in DER format.
-text_pub
Output in text form only the public key components (also for private keys). This
cannot be combined with encoded output in DER format.
-ec_conv_form arg
This option only applies to elliptic-curve based keys.
This specifies how the points on the elliptic curve are converted into octet strings.
Possible values are: compressed (the default value), uncompressed and hybrid. For more
information regarding the point conversion forms please read the X9.62 standard. Note
Due to patent issues the compressed option is disabled by default for binary curves
and can be enabled by defining the preprocessor macro OPENSSL_EC_BIN_PT_COMP at
compile time.
-ec_param_enc arg
This option only applies to elliptic curve based public and private keys.
This specifies how the elliptic curve parameters are encoded. Possible value are:
named_curve, i.e. the ec parameters are specified by an OID, or explicit where the ec
parameters are explicitly given (see RFC 3279 for the definition of the EC parameters
structures). The default value is named_curve. Note the implicitlyCA alternative, as
specified in RFC 3279, is currently not implemented in OpenSSL.
EXAMPLES
To remove the pass phrase on a private key:
openssl pkey -in key.pem -out keyout.pem
To encrypt a private key using triple DES:
openssl pkey -in key.pem -des3 -out keyout.pem
To convert a private key from PEM to DER format:
openssl pkey -in key.pem -outform DER -out keyout.der
To print out the components of a private key to standard output:
openssl pkey -in key.pem -text -noout
To print out the public components of a private key to standard output:
openssl pkey -in key.pem -text_pub -noout
To just output the public part of a private key:
openssl pkey -in key.pem -pubout -out pubkey.pem
To change the EC parameters encoding to explicit:
openssl pkey -in key.pem -ec_param_enc explicit -out keyout.pem
To change the EC point conversion form to compressed:
openssl pkey -in key.pem -ec_conv_form compressed -out keyout.pem
SEE ALSO
openssl(1), openssl-genpkey(1), openssl-rsa(1), openssl-pkcs8(1), openssl-dsa(1),
openssl-genrsa(1), openssl-gendsa(1)
HISTORY
The -engine option was deprecated in OpenSSL 3.0.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2006-2021 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use this file except
in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy in the file LICENSE in the source
distribution or at <https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
3.0.2 2025-02-05 OPENSSL-PKEY(1SSL)
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On Apache
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